Pity would be no more If we did not make somebody poor, And Mercy no more could be If all were as happy as we.
And mutual fear brings Peace, Till the selfish loves increase; Then Cruelty knits a snare, And spreads his baits with care.
He sits down with his holy fears, And waters the ground with tears; Then Humility takes its root Underneath his foot.
Soon spreads the dismal shade Of Mystery over his head, And the caterpillar and fly Feed on the Mystery.
And it bears the fruit of Deceit, Ruddy and sweet to eat, And the raven his nest has made In its thickest shade.
The gods of the earth and sea Sought through nature to find this tree, But their search was all in vain: There grows one in the human Brain.
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📖 About this poem
Blake takes two virtues we usually praise, pity and mercy, and shows their uncomfortable root: they can only exist because someone else is suffering. From that unsettling seed he grows an entire dark tree, tracing how fear, selfishness, and false humility twist into cruelty, and how cruelty disguises itself with tears and holiness until it flowers into deceit. The imagery does the real work here, the tree with its shade, its caterpillar and fly feeding on mystery, the raven nesting in its thickest branches. It reads like a twisted version of Eden, except the forbidden tree isn't out in some garden, it's inside us. The poem moves in tight, almost nursery-rhyme couplets, which makes the horror land harder, that sing-song bounce carrying such bleak logic. It still lands today because Blake is really asking whether our virtues are sometimes just comfortable disguises for power, a question that hasn't gone stale.
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