Pity would be no more If we did not make somebody poor, And Mercy no more could be If all were as happy as we.
And mutual fear brings Peace, Till the selfish loves increase; Then Cruelty knits a snare, And spreads his baits with care.
He sits down with his holy fears, And waters the ground with tears; Then Humility takes its root Underneath his foot.
Soon spreads the dismal shade Of Mystery over his head, And the caterpillar and fly Feed on the Mystery.
And it bears the fruit of Deceit, Ruddy and sweet to eat, And the raven his nest has made In its thickest shade.
The gods of the earth and sea Sought through nature to find this tree, But their search was all in vain: There grows one in the human Brain.
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📖 About this poem
Blake is doing something quietly radical here: tracing how virtues like pity and mercy depend on inequality and suffering existing in the first place. If everyone were content, those "virtues" would have nothing to attach to. The poem unfolds as a kind of grim garden allegory, sung in tight, songlike couplets that feel almost like a nursery rhyme gone wrong — that sweetness of rhythm makes the darkening content land harder. The central image, a tree of Mystery rooted in Humility, shaded by Deceit, nested in by the raven, is genuinely eerie: virtue curdling into camouflage for cruelty. The closing twist, that gods searched nature for this tree but it only grows in the human brain, turns the whole poem inward — the real danger isn't out in the world but in how we rationalize it. It still lands because we recognize the pattern: charity photo ops, performative sympathy, systems that need victims to justify their own kindness.
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